Answer without pilgrism

Hi Answer the quastions in the docments below without pilgrisms and please solve it exactly
assignment_aaa.docx

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Q1
a. Stop-and-Wait Protocol
b. Go-Back-N Protocol.
c. Selective-Repeat Protocol.
Above are the Protocols for Transport Layer. In the table below, please explain how
the above protocols work in terms of:
•
Window size of Sender and Receiver, and how the protocols actually work
•
Is there going to be out of order packets? If yes, how will they be handled?
•
Timer.
•
What does an Acknowledgment number (ackNo) announce? Mention an
example.
Stop-and-Wait
Window
Go-Back-N
Selective-Repeat
The size of the sender and
size of
receiver window can be at
Sender
most one-half of 2m-1
and
The protocol allows the
Receiver
sender to send as many
/
packets as the size of the
How does
receive window.
it work
Out of
There is no out of order packet. So
order
no handling method is needed
packets
Timer
The sender send a packet and start
a timer If the timer expires and no
ACK received, the sender resends
the previous packet.
Acknowle
dgment
Number
(ackNo)
The ackNo announces the
sequence number of the next
packet expected, in modulo-2
arithmetic,
Example:
If packet 0 has arrived safe and
sound, the receiver sends an ACK
with acknowledgment 1 (meaning
packet 1 is expected next). If
packet 1 has arrived safe and
sound, the receiver sends an ACK
with acknowledgment 0 (meaning
packet 0 is expected).
Q2
TCP is a reliable transport layer protocol. This means that TCP uses error control
mechanisms (or tools) for detecting corrupted segments, lost segments, out-of-order
segments, and duplicated segments. TCP error control mechanisms includes checksum,
acknowledgment, Time-out and fast retransmission. Explain each one of those four
mechanisms in your own words.
Q3
In Distance-Vector Routing and Link-State Routing, nodes need to help each other to
find the best route by exchanging information. What information does each node share
in Distance-Vector Routing algorithm and Link-State Routing algorithm?
…
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